🇧🇬

Bulgaria

Europe

Bulgaria is rapidly emerging as a top destination for digital nomads, offering one of Europe's lowest costs of living, a flat 10% income tax, excellent internet infrastructure, and stunning landscapes from Black Sea beaches to ski resorts. Bulgaria joined the Schengen Area in January 2025 and will adopt the Euro in 2026. In June 2025, Bulgaria officially introduced a Digital Nomad Visa, making it one of Europe's most accessible countries for remote workers. Cities like Sofia, Plovdiv, Bansko, and Varna have thriving nomad communities with excellent coworking spaces.

9
Visa Types
60
Nationalities visa-free
🪪Your Passport:

Visa requirements vary by nationality

🎫 Available Visa Types

Recommended for Digital Nomads
Tourist

Schengen Visa-Free Entry

Citizens of visa-exempt countries (US, UK, Canada, Australia, etc.) can visit Bulgaria and other Schengen countries for up to 90 days within any 180-day period without a visa. Bulgaria joined Schengen in January 2025.

90 days
Duration
€0
<$1 fee
+€50 additional

Key Benefits

No visa application required
Free entry for eligible nationalities
Travel freely within all 29 Schengen countries
Multiple entries allowed within the 90/180 day period
Bulgaria now fully integrated into Schengen (as of Jan 2025)
📋 Requirements (6)
  • Valid biometric passport (valid for at least 3 months beyond planned departure)
  • Passport issued within the last 10 years
  • Proof of sufficient funds
  • Proof of accommodation
  • Return or onward ticket
  • Travel insurance recommended
📝 Application Process
Embassy RequiredImmediate (entry on arrival)
  1. 1Arrive at Bulgarian border (airport or land)
  2. 2Present your biometric passport to immigration
  3. 3Be prepared to show proof of accommodation and sufficient funds if asked
  4. 4Receive entry stamp in passport (or EES registration from October 2025)
  5. 5Your 90-day Schengen counter begins
Apply Online

💡 Pro Tips

  • Track your Schengen days carefully - Bulgaria now counts toward the same 90/180 limit
  • Bulgaria offers excellent value compared to Western Europe
  • Sofia and Plovdiv have great coworking scenes
  • Bansko is famous for its ski season nomad community
  • The Euro adoption in 2026 may affect prices
Recommended for Digital Nomads
Special Program

Digital Nomad Visa

New visa introduced in June 2025 for remote workers, freelancers, and digital entrepreneurs working for non-Bulgarian employers. Valid for 1 year with possibility of renewal.

365 days
Duration
€500
$543 fee
+€500 additional

💰 Income Requirement

Minimum $2,000/per_month

Alternative: Must demonstrate annual income of at least 50 times the Bulgarian minimum wage (approximately €23,850-27,550/year as of 2025). Income can come from salary, freelance work, or business revenue.

Key Benefits

Legal pathway to live and work remotely in Bulgaria
One of Europe's lowest income thresholds for DN visas
Flat 10% income tax rate (if tax resident)
Access to affordable cost of living
Travel freely in Schengen area (90/180 days)
Path to longer-term residence
Growing nomad community in Bulgaria
📋 Requirements (8)
  • Valid passport (at least 6 months validity)
  • Proof of remote employment or freelance work for non-Bulgarian clients
  • Employment contract with foreign company OR proof of freelance income for 1+ year
  • Bank statements showing stable income (50x Bulgarian minimum wage annually)
  • Health insurance covering Bulgaria and EU (€30,000 minimum)
  • Criminal record certificate from country of origin
  • Proof of accommodation in Bulgaria
  • If company owner: 25%+ equity and proof of remote IT-based services
📝 Application Process
Embassy Required14 calendar days for residence permit (after D visa entry)
  1. 1Gather proof of remote work (employment contract or freelance invoices)
  2. 2Prepare bank statements showing required income level
  3. 3Obtain criminal record certificate and have it apostilled
  4. 4Get health insurance covering €30,000 minimum
  5. 5Translate all documents into Bulgarian
  6. 6Apply for Type D visa at Bulgarian embassy/consulate
  7. 7Enter Bulgaria with D visa
  8. 8Apply for residence permit at local Migration Directorate (ODMVR)
  9. 9Submit application on official form
  10. 10Wait for processing (14 days, extendable to 1 month)
  11. 11Receive 1-year residence permit
Apply Online
🔄 Extension & Renewal

Extension: 365 days (max 1x)

Cost: €100

Process: Submit renewal application before permit expires. Must continue to meet income and remote work requirements.

Renewal: Initial permit for 1 year, renewable for 1 additional year. After 2 years, may need to explore other residence options or reapply.

💡 Pro Tips

  • Income threshold is lower than Portugal (€41,760) and Spain (€33,152)
  • Bansko has one of Europe's best nomad communities
  • Consider tax residency implications (183 days = tax resident)
  • Bulgaria will adopt Euro in 2026 - plan accordingly
  • Secondary regulations expected late 2025 - check for updates
Recommended for Digital Nomads
Special Program

Temporary Residence Permit

For foreigners planning to stay in Bulgaria for more than 90 days. Available for employment, business, study, family reunification, retirement, or investment. Valid for 1 year, renewable.

365 days
Duration
€180
$195 fee
+€1,500 additional

Key Benefits

Legal long-term residence in Bulgaria
Bulgarian ID card for foreigners
Travel in Schengen area (90/180 days)
Path to permanent residence after 5 years
Access to Bulgarian healthcare and social services
Can bring family members
📋 Requirements (8)
  • Valid passport
  • Type D visa (obtained before entering Bulgaria)
  • Proof of legal grounds for residence (varies by category)
  • Proof of accommodation in Bulgaria
  • Proof of sufficient financial means
  • Valid health insurance
  • Criminal record certificate (apostilled)
  • All documents translated into Bulgarian
📝 Application Process
Embassy Required7-30 days from application in Bulgaria
  1. 1Determine your ground for residence (business, employment, retirement, investment, family)
  2. 2Gather required documents specific to your ground
  3. 3Apply for Type D visa at Bulgarian embassy
  4. 4Enter Bulgaria with D visa
  5. 5Visit Migration Directorate (ODMVR) to apply for residence permit
  6. 6Submit application with original documents
  7. 7Wait for processing (7-30 days)
  8. 8Receive Bulgarian ID card for foreigners (residence permit card)
Apply Online
🔄 Extension & Renewal

Extension: 365 days (max 4x)

Cost: €80

Process: Submit renewal application 15 days before expiry. Must still meet grounds for residence. After 5 years, can apply for permanent residence.

Renewal: Can renew up to 4 times (5 years total). After 5 years of legal residence, eligible for permanent residence permit.

💡 Pro Tips

  • Trade Representative Office is the easiest/cheapest ground for most people
  • TRO requires a foreign company that has existed for 2+ years with minimal profit
  • Real estate investment ground requires €312,000+ property purchase
  • Retirement ground is popular - just need sufficient pension income
  • After 5 years, you can apply for permanent residence
Recommended for Digital Nomads
business

Trade Representative Office Residence

Most popular and affordable pathway to Bulgarian residence. Register a trade representative office of your foreign company and obtain residence permit. No minimum investment or employee requirements.

365 days
Duration
€480
$521 fee
+€1,500 additional

Key Benefits

No minimum investment required
No requirement to hire local employees
No requirement to generate revenue in Bulgaria
One of the most affordable paths to EU residence
Up to 3 representatives per company
Path to permanent residence after 5 years
Access to Bulgarian tax residency (10% flat tax)
📋 Requirements (7)
  • Foreign company that has existed for 2+ years
  • Certificate of Good Standing / Business Extract from foreign company
  • Financial statements showing profit for past 2 years
  • Valid passport
  • Health insurance
  • Criminal record certificate
  • Proof of accommodation in Bulgaria
📝 Application Process
Embassy Required15 working days for TRO registration, 7-30 days for residence permit
  1. 1Ensure your foreign company meets requirements (2+ years, profitable)
  2. 2Obtain Certificate of Good Standing and financial statements
  3. 3Have documents apostilled and translated to Bulgarian
  4. 4Register Trade Representative Office in Bulgaria (takes ~15 working days)
  5. 5Apply for Type D visa at Bulgarian embassy
  6. 6Enter Bulgaria with D visa
  7. 7Apply for residence permit at Migration Directorate
  8. 8Receive residence permit card
Apply Online
🔄 Extension & Renewal

Extension: 365 days (max 4x)

Cost: €80

Process: Renew annually. Must maintain TRO registration and show continued representation of foreign company.

Renewal: Can renew indefinitely as long as TRO remains active. Up to 3 representatives per foreign company can obtain residence this way.

💡 Pro Tips

  • This is the most popular route for digital nomads and remote workers
  • Legal/agency fees vary widely - shop around
  • TRO is purely for representation - you cannot conduct local business
  • Combined with low cost of living, this is excellent value
  • Many agencies offer all-inclusive packages for around €2,000-3,000

Schengen Visa (Type C)

Tourist

Short-stay visa for citizens of countries not eligible for visa-free entry. Allows visits to Bulgaria and other Schengen countries for up to 90 days within a 180-day period.

90d
Duration
€130
$141 fee
+€25 additional
📍Apply: Embassy
15 calendar days (can extend to 45 days in complex cases)
🔄No extension
View full details
💰 Cost Breakdown
EURUSD
Required
Visa application fee (adults)Standard Schengen visa fee
€80$87
Travel health insuranceMinimum €30,000 coverage required
€50$54
Additional (estimated)
VFS Global service feeIf applying through external service provider
€25$27
Required Total
€130$141
+ Additional (estimated)
€25$27
Estimated Total
€155$168
💱1 USD = 0.92 EURUpdated Nov 28, 2025
💡 Costs may vary. Additional costs are estimates and may not all apply to your situation. Always verify current fees with official sources.

📋 Requirements

  • Valid passport (valid at least 3 months after planned departure, issued within last 10 years)
  • Completed visa application form
  • Two recent passport-sized photos (35x45mm)
  • Travel health insurance (minimum €30,000 coverage)
  • Proof of accommodation (hotel booking, invitation letter)
  • Proof of sufficient funds
  • Round-trip flight reservation
  • Cover letter explaining purpose of visit

📝 Application Steps

  1. 1Complete visa application form
  2. 2Gather all required documents
  3. 3Schedule appointment at Bulgarian embassy/consulate or VFS Global
  4. 4Pay visa fee (€80 for adults, €40 for children 6-12)
  5. 5Submit application and biometric data in person
  6. 6Wait for processing (up to 15 days, can extend to 45)
  7. 7Collect passport with visa sticker

⚠️ Restrictions

  • Cannot work in Bulgaria or Schengen area
  • Cannot exceed 90 days in 180-day period
  • Must have main destination as Bulgaria
  • Cannot be converted to residence permit

💡 Tips

  • Apply at least 4-6 weeks before travel
  • Since Bulgaria joined Schengen, processing has improved
  • Ensure your insurance covers all Schengen countries
  • VFS Global handles applications in many countries

National Visa (Type D)

Special ProgramPopular

Long-stay visa for foreigners planning to stay in Bulgaria for more than 90 days. Required before applying for a residence permit for work, business, study, or family reunification.

180d
Duration
€200
$217 fee
+€150 additional
📍Apply: Embassy
Up to 35 business days
🔄No extension
View full details
💰 Cost Breakdown
EURUSD
Required
National D visa application feeStandard fee, varies by purpose
€100$109
Health insuranceMinimum €30,000 coverage for visa period
€100$109
Additional (estimated)
Document legalization/apostilleFor foreign documents
€50$54
Translation costsDocuments must be in Bulgarian
€100$109
Required Total
€200$217
+ Additional (estimated)
€150$163
Estimated Total
€350$380
💱1 USD = 0.92 EURUpdated Nov 28, 2025
💡 Costs may vary. Additional costs are estimates and may not all apply to your situation. Always verify current fees with official sources.

📋 Requirements

  • Valid passport (valid at least 3 months beyond visa validity)
  • Completed visa application form
  • Recent passport photos
  • Health insurance (minimum €30,000 coverage)
  • Proof of purpose of stay (employment contract, business documents, admission letter)
  • Proof of sufficient financial means
  • Proof of accommodation in Bulgaria
  • Criminal record certificate (apostilled and translated)
  • All documents translated into Bulgarian and legalized

📝 Application Steps

  1. 1Determine your grounds for Type D visa (work, business, study, family, retirement)
  2. 2Gather and translate all required documents
  3. 3Have documents apostilled/legalized
  4. 4Apply at Bulgarian embassy/consulate in your country of residence
  5. 5Pay visa fee
  6. 6Attend interview if requested
  7. 7Wait for processing (up to 35 business days)
  8. 8Collect passport with D visa
  9. 9Enter Bulgaria and apply for residence permit within validity period

⚠️ Restrictions

  • Must apply for residence permit in Bulgaria for longer stays
  • Cannot change purpose of stay after entry
  • Requires extensive documentation
  • Documents must be translated to Bulgarian

💡 Tips

  • Start gathering documents early - translation and apostille take time
  • Most popular ground: Trade Representative Office (no minimum investment)
  • Consider hiring a Bulgarian lawyer to assist
  • All documents must be translated and legalized

Freelance Activity Permit

Work

For self-employed individuals wanting to work as freelancers in Bulgaria. Requires approval from the Bulgarian Employment Agency and proof of qualifications.

365d
Duration
€330
$358 fee
+€200 additional
📍Apply: Embassy
Up to 35 days for Employment Agency approval
🔄Extendable +365d
View full details
💰 Cost Breakdown
EURUSD
Required
Freelance permit applicationEmployment Agency fee
€150$163
Type D visaEntry visa
€100$109
Residence permitAnnual fee
€80$87
Additional (estimated)
Document translation and legalizationAll documents must be in Bulgarian
€200$217
Required Total
€330$358
+ Additional (estimated)
€200$217
Estimated Total
€530$575
💱1 USD = 0.92 EURUpdated Nov 28, 2025
💡 Costs may vary. Additional costs are estimates and may not all apply to your situation. Always verify current fees with official sources.

📋 Requirements

  • Valid passport
  • Academic qualifications (diplomas)
  • B1 level Bulgarian language proficiency
  • At least 2 years of experience in the relevant field
  • Detailed business plan for freelance activities
  • Potential clients in Bulgaria (if serving local market)
  • Health insurance
  • Criminal record certificate
  • Proof of sufficient financial means

📝 Application Steps

  1. 1Prepare detailed business plan for freelance activity
  2. 2Obtain Bulgarian language certificate (B1 level)
  3. 3Gather academic qualifications and work experience proof
  4. 4Apply for freelance permit at Bulgarian Employment Agency
  5. 5Wait for approval
  6. 6Apply for Type D visa at Bulgarian embassy
  7. 7Enter Bulgaria
  8. 8Apply for residence permit at Migration Directorate

⚠️ Restrictions

  • Requires B1 Bulgarian language level
  • Must have 2+ years experience in field
  • Requires detailed business plan
  • More complex than Digital Nomad Visa
  • Must serve Bulgarian market

💡 Tips

  • Consider Digital Nomad Visa if working for foreign clients only
  • TRO route is often simpler than Freelance Permit
  • Bulgarian language requirement is a significant barrier
  • IT sector freelancers often use this route

Investment/Real Estate Residence

business

Residence permit for foreigners investing €312,000+ in Bulgarian real estate or €600,000 in business ventures. Provides straightforward path to residence.

365d
Duration
€312,180
$338.7K fee
+€3,000 additional
📍Apply: Embassy
7-30 days for residence permit after D visa entry
🔄Extendable +365d
View full details
💰 Cost Breakdown
EURUSD
Required
Real estate investmentMinimum property value
€312,000$338.5K
Type D visaEntry visa
€100$109
Residence permitAnnual fee
€80$87
Additional (estimated)
Legal feesProperty purchase and immigration assistance
€3,000$3.3K
Required Total
€312,180$338.7K
+ Additional (estimated)
€3,000$3.3K
Estimated Total
€315,180$342.0K
💱1 USD = 0.92 EURUpdated Nov 28, 2025
💡 Costs may vary. Additional costs are estimates and may not all apply to your situation. Always verify current fees with official sources.

📋 Requirements

  • Valid passport
  • Proof of investment (property deed or share certificates)
  • Investment must be made through Bulgarian company where you own 50%+ shares
  • Health insurance
  • Criminal record certificate
  • Proof of legal source of funds

📝 Application Steps

  1. 1Incorporate Bulgarian company (or use existing one)
  2. 2Make qualifying investment (€312,000+ in real estate or €600,000 in business)
  3. 3Obtain property deed and investment documentation
  4. 4Apply for Type D visa at Bulgarian embassy
  5. 5Enter Bulgaria
  6. 6Apply for residence permit at Migration Directorate

⚠️ Restrictions

  • Significant capital requirement (€312,000+)
  • Investment must be via Bulgarian company
  • Property must maintain value
  • Must hold investment throughout residence period

💡 Tips

  • Bulgarian real estate prices are among lowest in EU
  • Sofia and coastal areas offer best appreciation potential
  • Consider hiring Bulgarian lawyer for property purchase
  • Can combine with rental income for additional returns
  • Currency may change to Euro in 2026

Pensioner/Retiree Residence

Special ProgramPopular

Residence permit for retirees with sufficient pension income. One of the most affordable retirement destinations in Europe with excellent healthcare and low cost of living.

365d
Duration
€580
$629 fee
+€800 additional
📍Apply: Embassy
7-30 days for residence permit
🔄Extendable +365d
View full details
💰 Cost Breakdown
EURUSD
Required
Type D visaEntry visa
€100$109
Residence permitAnnual fee
€80$87
Health insuranceAnnual comprehensive coverage
€400$434
Additional (estimated)
Legal assistanceFor document preparation
€800$868
Required Total
€580$629
+ Additional (estimated)
€800$868
Estimated Total
€1,380$1.5K
💱1 USD = 0.92 EURUpdated Nov 28, 2025
💡 Costs may vary. Additional costs are estimates and may not all apply to your situation. Always verify current fees with official sources.

📋 Requirements

  • Valid passport
  • Proof of pension income (pension statement)
  • Sufficient funds for stay (bank statements)
  • Health insurance covering Bulgaria
  • Proof of accommodation
  • Criminal record certificate

📝 Application Steps

  1. 1Gather proof of pension income
  2. 2Obtain health insurance valid in Bulgaria
  3. 3Secure accommodation (rental or purchase)
  4. 4Have documents translated and apostilled
  5. 5Apply for Type D visa at Bulgarian embassy
  6. 6Enter Bulgaria
  7. 7Apply for residence permit at Migration Directorate

⚠️ Restrictions

  • Must maintain health insurance
  • Pension must continue throughout stay
  • Annual renewal required
  • Bulgarian language can be a barrier

💡 Tips

  • Coastal cities (Varna, Burgas) popular for beach retirement
  • Sofia offers urban amenities and excellent healthcare
  • Mountain towns offer affordable ski lifestyle
  • Cost of living approximately 50-60% lower than Western Europe
  • Many retirees rent first before buying property

📊 Quick Facts

CapitalSofia
CurrencyBGN (лв) - Euro from 2026
LanguageBulgarian
TimezoneUTC+2
Last UpdatedDec 4, 2024

🔗 Official Resources

Frequently Asked Questions

Does Bulgaria have a Digital Nomad Visa?
Yes! Bulgaria officially introduced its Digital Nomad Visa in June 2025. It's designed for non-EU remote workers, freelancers, and digital entrepreneurs working for companies or clients outside Bulgaria. The visa allows stays of up to 1 year (renewable for 1 more year) and requires proof of income at least 50 times the Bulgarian minimum wage annually (approximately €23,850-27,550/year). This is significantly lower than Portugal's or Spain's requirements. The application process involves first obtaining a Type D visa at a Bulgarian embassy, then applying for a residence permit in Bulgaria.
Is Bulgaria in the Schengen Area?
Yes, as of January 1, 2025, Bulgaria is fully part of the Schengen Area. Air and sea border controls were lifted on March 31, 2024, and land border controls were removed on January 1, 2025. This means time spent in Bulgaria now counts toward your 90/180-day Schengen limit, and you can travel freely between Bulgaria and other Schengen countries. Bulgarian residence permits also allow visa-free travel throughout the Schengen zone.
What is the easiest way to get long-term residence in Bulgaria?
The most popular and affordable route is through a Trade Representative Office (TRO). If you own a foreign company that has existed for at least 2 years with minimal profit, you can register a TRO in Bulgaria and obtain residence. There's no minimum investment or requirement to hire local employees. The total cost (including legal fees) typically ranges €2,000-3,000. Alternatively, the new Digital Nomad Visa offers a straightforward path for remote workers meeting the income threshold (approx. €2,000/month).
What is Bulgaria's tax rate for digital nomads and expats?
Bulgaria has one of Europe's most attractive tax regimes with a flat 10% income tax rate for both individuals and companies. If you become a tax resident (by spending 183+ days in Bulgaria), you pay 10% on worldwide income. There's also a flat 10% corporate tax rate. Social security contributions apply if you're self-employed locally. Note that Bulgaria will adopt the Euro in 2026, which may bring some changes.
Can I open a bank account in Bulgaria as a foreigner?
Yes, but it can be challenging. Since August 2019, many Bulgarian banks require residency to open accounts. Document processing fees for foreigners can range €300-500. Major banks include UniCredit Bulbank, DSK Bank, and Raiffeisenbank. Most bank staff speak limited English, so having a Bulgarian-speaking companion helps. Many expats use fintech alternatives like Wise or Revolut initially, then open a local account after obtaining residency. A Bulgarian bank account is often required for residence permit applications.
What are the best cities in Bulgaria for digital nomads?
Sofia (the capital) offers the best infrastructure, coworking spaces, and international community. Plovdiv is known for its culture, history, and growing nomad scene at lower costs than Sofia. Bansko is legendary in the nomad community - a ski town with fast internet, low prices, and the annual Bansko Nomad Fest. Varna and Burgas offer coastal Black Sea living. All cities have good internet (Bulgaria ranks among the fastest in Europe), with Sofia averaging 100+ Mbps.
How much does it cost to live in Bulgaria?
Bulgaria has one of the lowest costs of living in the EU. Expect to spend €800-1,500/month for a comfortable lifestyle in Sofia, less in other cities. Rent for a one-bedroom apartment in Sofia city center is €300-500/month. Meals at local restaurants cost €5-10. Public transport is very cheap (€10-20/month for a pass). Overall, living costs are approximately 50-60% lower than Western Europe. Note that prices may increase after Euro adoption in 2026.
What happens when Bulgaria adopts the Euro in 2026?
Bulgaria is scheduled to adopt the Euro on January 1, 2026. The Bulgarian Lev (BGN) has been pegged to the Euro at a fixed rate (1 EUR = 1.95583 BGN) since 1999, so the transition should be smooth. Some concern exists about potential price increases (as happened in other countries), but the currency value itself won't change significantly. All prices, contracts, and savings will be converted at the fixed rate. For digital nomads, this may simplify transactions with European clients.
⚠️

Important Disclaimer

Visa requirements can change frequently. This information is provided for general guidance only and should not be considered legal advice. Always verify current requirements with the official embassy or immigration authorities before making travel plans. Last updated: December 4, 2024