Europe
Ireland does not currently have a dedicated digital nomad visa, but remote workers can legally stay and work remotely through alternatives like the Short-Stay C Visa (up to 90 days) or Stamp 0 permission for longer stays. Known as the Silicon Valley of Europe with major tech company headquarters, Ireland offers excellent internet infrastructure with 242 digital hubs nationwide, a vibrant startup culture, and English as the primary language. The country ranks second globally for quality of life and provides easy access to explore the rest of Europe.
Visa requirements vary by nationality
Citizens of visa-exempt countries can enter Ireland without a visa for short stays up to 90 days. This includes most EU/EEA countries, USA, Canada, Australia, and many others.
Remote work for a foreign employer is not explicitly prohibited during a short tourist stay, but Ireland has no formal provision allowing it. If you plan to stay longer than 90 days or work regularly, apply for Stamp 0 (independent means). Ireland is NOT part of the Schengen Area — time here does not count toward Schengen 90/180-day limits.
Stays under 183 days generally do not trigger Irish tax residency. However, the 280-day rule applies: 280+ days across two consecutive tax years (min 30 each year) triggers residency in the second year. Non-residents taxed only on Irish-source income. If you physically perform work in Ireland, income may be deemed Irish-source.
Required for visa-required nationals visiting Ireland for up to 90 days for tourism, family visits, business meetings, or short courses. Single entry costs EUR 60, multiple entry EUR 100.
Short-Stay C Visa allows entry for up to 90 days for tourism, business meetings, or short courses. Remote work for a foreign employer is not explicitly addressed — grey area. Cannot take employment with Irish employer. For extended remote work, Stamp 0 is the appropriate route. Ireland is NOT part of the Schengen Area.
A stay of up to 90 days will not trigger Irish tax residency under the 183-day rule. The 280-day lookback rule applies across consecutive years. Non-residents pay tax only on Irish-source income. Physically performing work in Ireland for a foreign employer may be deemed Irish-source income.
Temporary residence permission for financially self-sufficient individuals including remote workers, retirees, and visiting academics. Allows residence in Ireland without accessing the Irish labor market. Increasingly promoted as a remote work-friendly option.
Minimum $50,000/per_year
Alternative: Must demonstrate sufficient savings or regular income from sources outside Ireland. Bank statements, pension documents, or employment contracts with foreign companies accepted.
Stamp 0 is Ireland's de facto option for digital nomads and remote workers. As of 2025, officially promoted for non-EEA nationals working for employers outside Ireland. Must sign commitment not to seek employment with Irish companies or provide services to Irish clients. Remote work must be strictly for foreign employers/clients. Initial 12-month grant, renewable annually. Must have private medical insurance. Cannot access Irish public services or social welfare. EUR 50,000/year income (single) or EUR 100,000 (couple), plus capital reserves of EUR 100,000-150,000 often expected.
Extension: 365 days (max x)
Cost: €300
Process: Apply for renewal online through ISD portal at least 12 weeks before expiry. Must continue to meet financial requirements and maintain health insurance.
Renewal: Can be renewed annually as long as you continue to meet requirements. After 5 years may be eligible for Stamp 4 (long-term residence).
Stamp 0 holders staying 183+ days become Irish tax residents, liable for worldwide income tax. The 280-day rule also applies. As tax resident, remote work income (even for foreign employer) is taxable in Ireland. Must register with Revenue and file annual returns. PAYE at 20% (up to EUR 44,000) / 40% above, USC (0.5%-8%), PRSI (4.2% from Oct 2025, 4.35% from Oct 2026). Foreign employer may need Irish payroll agent or you self-assess. Double taxation agreements may provide relief.
Premium work permit for highly skilled professionals in shortage occupations. Offers fastest path to permanent residency (Stamp 4 after 2 years) and allows immediate family reunification with work rights for spouses.
Minimum $40,904/per_year
Alternative: Minimum EUR 38,000 for Critical Skills Occupations List roles with relevant degree; EUR 64,000 for any occupation not on Ineligible List
Critical Skills Employment Permit requires employment with a specific Irish-based employer in a critical skills occupation. Remote work for a foreign employer is not permitted. After 2 years, eligible for Stamp 4 (unrestricted work). Two salary thresholds from March 2026: EUR 40,904 (with relevant degree on Critical Skills List) or EUR 68,911 (any occupation not on Ineligible List).
CSEP holders are subject to full Irish PAYE taxation. Income tax at 20% (up to EUR 44,000) and 40% above, USC (0.5%-8%), PRSI (4.2% employee from Oct 2025, 4.35% from Oct 2026; employer 11.25%, 11.40% from Oct 2026). Automatically tax resident if working full-time. Worldwide income taxable. Ireland has double taxation agreements with 70+ countries.
Required for non-EEA nationals planning to stay in Ireland for more than 90 days for work, study, family reunification, or other long-term purposes. Must be accompanied by appropriate permission (employment permit, study acceptance, etc.).
The Long-Stay D Visa is a gateway visa enabling entry for stays over 90 days. Whether remote work is permitted depends on the underlying immigration stamp (Stamp 0, 1, 2, etc.). The D Visa itself does not grant work permission. Must register with immigration within 90 days of arrival (EUR 300 IRP fee). Ireland is NOT part of the Schengen Area.
Long-stay residents spending 183+ days in a tax year become Irish tax residents, liable for worldwide income tax. The 280-day rule also applies. Tax rates: PAYE at 20% (up to EUR 44,000) and 40% above, USC (0.5%-8%), PRSI (4.2% from Oct 2025, 4.35% from Oct 2026). If working for a foreign employer while tax resident, must register with Revenue.
Standard work permit for occupations not on the Critical Skills list. Requires Labor Market Needs Test to prove no suitable Irish/EEA candidate available. Minimum salary EUR 34,000.
General Employment Permit requires employment with a specific Irish-based employer. Remote work for a foreign employer is not permitted. Tied to specific employer and job role. After 5 years continuous employment, eligible for Stamp 4. Labour market needs test (LMNT) required — employer must advertise in Ireland/EEA first. 50/50 rule: at least 50% EEA employees.
GEP holders subject to full PAYE taxation. Income tax 20% (up to EUR 44,000) / 40% above, USC (0.5%-8%), PRSI (4.2% employee from Oct 2025, 4.35% from Oct 2026). Employer pays 11.25% PRSI (11.40% from Oct 2026). Full-time employees automatically tax resident. Worldwide income taxable.
For non-EEA students enrolled in full-time courses on the Interim List of Eligible Programmes (ILEP). Allows part-time work (20 hours/week during term, 40 hours during holidays).
Stamp 2 allows casual employment only: up to 20 hours/week during academic term and 40 hours/week during holidays (June-Sept, 15 Dec-15 Jan). Remote work for a foreign employer is not a recognized category — any work must comply with casual employment hours limit. Cannot be self-employed.
Student earnings subject to PAYE: 20% (up to EUR 44,000) / 40% above. USC applies if total income exceeds EUR 13,000/year. PRSI at 4.2% on earnings above EUR 352/week. Students may benefit from tax credits reducing tax on low earnings.
Post-study work permission allowing graduates to remain in Ireland to seek employment. 12 months for Level 8 (Bachelor's), 24 months for Level 9+ (Master's/PhD).
Stamp 1G provides unrestricted access to the Irish labour market — full-time work for any employer, including remote work. Level 8 holders get 12 months; Level 9+ get up to 24 months. Must apply within 6 months of graduation while holding valid Stamp 2.
Stamp 1G holders working in Ireland subject to full PAYE taxation: 20% (up to EUR 44,000) / 40% above, USC (0.5%-8%), PRSI (4.2%). If tax resident (183+ days), worldwide income taxable.
For innovative entrepreneurs from non-EEA countries who want to establish a high-potential business in Ireland. Requires EUR 50,000 funding and a viable business plan with job creation potential.
STEP is for entrepreneurs establishing an innovative business in Ireland. Must operate the business within Ireland — remote work for a foreign employer is not the purpose. Receives Stamp 4 (unrestricted work rights) but must actively develop Irish startup. Business must be in innovation/technology sector, not retail, catering, or personal services. EUR 50,000 funding for first founder, EUR 30,000 for subsequent co-founders.
STEP participants receive Stamp 4, are tax resident in Ireland. Subject to full taxation on worldwide income: PAYE 20%/40%, USC 0.5%-8%, PRSI 4.2%. Corporate tax 12.5% (trading income) or 25% (non-trading). R&D tax credit 30%. Entrepreneur Relief: 10% CGT on qualifying disposals up to EUR 1.5M lifetime limit.
For young people (18-30/35 depending on nationality) from countries with bilateral agreements to live and work in Ireland for up to 12-24 months. Available for citizens of specific countries only.
Full work permission for up to 12 months (24 for Canada). Can work for any employer including remotely. Eligible: Argentina, Australia, Canada, Chile, Hong Kong, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Taiwan, USA. Age 18-30 (35 for AU/CA/AR, 25 for JP extendable to 30). Some employer-duration limits: AU max 6 months per employer, HK max 3 months per employer. Quotas apply.
Working Holiday participants subject to PAYE: income tax 20% (up to EUR 44,000) / 40% above, USC if income exceeds EUR 13,000, PRSI 4.2%. Most participants will be tax resident given 12-month duration (183+ days). Worldwide income taxable once resident. Employer deducts taxes at source.
Visa requirements can change frequently. This information is provided for general guidance only and should not be considered legal advice. Always verify current requirements with the official embassy or immigration authorities before making travel plans. Last updated: December 1, 2025