🇳🇱

Netherlands

Europe

The Netherlands is a highly developed Schengen country known for excellent infrastructure, fast internet, widespread English proficiency, and a thriving startup ecosystem. While there is no dedicated digital nomad visa, the Self-Employed Residence Permit and DAFT Treaty (for US citizens) provide pathways for remote workers. As part of the Schengen Area, visitors from 60+ countries can stay visa-free for 90 days within any 180-day period.

7
Visa Types
62
Nationalities visa-free
🪪Your Passport:

Visa requirements vary by nationality

🎫 Available Visa Types

Recommended for Digital Nomads
Tourist

Visa-Free Entry (Schengen 90/180)

Citizens of 60+ visa-exempt countries can enter the Netherlands and Schengen Area without a visa for up to 90 days within any 180-day period. ETIAS travel authorization launching late 2026.

90 days
Duration
€0
<$1 fee
+€50 additional
⚠️Remote Work: Grey Area

Remote work for a foreign employer while on tourist entry is a legal grey area in the Netherlands. Not explicitly prohibited but not authorized either. No active enforcement but no legal basis.

Key Benefits

Free entry for eligible nationalities
Access to all 29 Schengen countries with single entry
No advance visa application required
Entry via any Schengen border crossing
📋 Requirements (5)
  • Valid passport (at least 3 months beyond departure, issued within last 10 years)
  • Proof of accommodation
  • Proof of sufficient funds
  • Return or onward ticket
  • ETIAS authorization required from late 2026 for visa-exempt nationals
📝 Application Process
Embassy RequiredImmediate upon arrival
  1. 1Arrive at any Schengen Area border crossing point
  2. 2Present valid passport at immigration
  3. 3Be prepared to show proof of accommodation and return ticket if requested
  4. 4Receive entry stamp in passport (or EES registration from October 2025)
  5. 5Stay limit: 90 days within any 180-day period across entire Schengen Area
Apply Online

🛡️ Tax Implications

No Dutch tax obligations for stays under 183 days, provided not employed by a Dutch entity. If staying 183+ days, Dutch tax residency rules may apply.

💡 Pro Tips

  • Use a Schengen day calculator to track your 90/180 days across all countries
  • EES digital system replacing passport stamps launches April 2026
  • ETIAS launching late 2026 — EUR 7, valid 3 years
  • Business meetings allowed but paid work is not — grey area for remote work
Recommended for Digital Nomads
Work

Highly Skilled Migrant (Kennismigrant)

Employer-sponsored work permit for highly skilled professionals. Fast processing (2-4 weeks). Salary: EUR 5,942/month (30+) or EUR 4,357 (under 30). Eligible for 30% tax ruling.

60 months
Duration
€423
$459 fee
+€180 additional

💰 Income Requirement

Minimum $5,942/per_month

Alternative: Under 30: EUR 4,357/month. Reduced (within 3 years of graduation): EUR 3,122/month. Excludes holiday allowance (8%). Updated semi-annually.

🚫Remote Work: Not Permitted

Requires employment with a Dutch IND-recognized sponsor. Remote work for a foreign employer is not permitted. However, an Employer of Record (EOR) in the Netherlands can serve as legal sponsor.

Key Benefits

Fast processing (2-4 weeks)
No work permit (TWV) required
30% ruling tax benefit (30% salary tax-free, max 5 years)
Partner gets open work permit
Path to permanent residency after 5 years
Can change employers (new sponsor must apply)
📋 Requirements (5)
  • Employment contract with IND-recognized sponsor
  • Gross salary min EUR 5,942/month (30+) or EUR 4,357 (under 30) excl. holiday allowance
  • Reduced EUR 3,122/month within 3 years of graduation
  • Valid passport
  • Employer must be recognized IND sponsor
📝 Application Process
✓ Online Application2-4 weeks (recognized sponsor), up to 90 days otherwise
  1. 1Secure job offer from IND-recognized sponsor employer
  2. 2Employer submits combined MVV and residence permit application via IND Business Portal
  3. 3Pay application fee (EUR 354)
  4. 4Wait for IND decision (2 weeks for recognized sponsors)
  5. 5If MVV required: collect MVV sticker at Dutch embassy
  6. 6Travel to Netherlands within 90 days
  7. 7Register at municipality and obtain BSN
  8. 8Collect residence permit card at IND desk
Apply Online
🔄 Extension & Renewal

Extension: 60 months (max x)

Cost: €423

Process: Extension possible before permit expires. Employer must continue to meet salary requirements.

Renewal: Can change employers within highly skilled migrant category. New employer must be recognized sponsor.

🛡️ Tax Implications

Dutch tax resident. Box 1: 35.75% (up to EUR 38,883), 37.56% (38,883-78,426), 49.50% (above 78,426). Eligible for 30% ruling: 30% of salary tax-free for up to 5 years (cap EUR 262,000). From 2027, reduced to 27%. Social security ~27.65% on first EUR 38,883.

💡 Pro Tips

  • Apply for 30% ruling within 4 months of starting work
  • Salary thresholds updated every January and July
  • Under 30 benefits from lower threshold (EUR 4,357)
  • Recent graduates: EUR 3,122/month for up to 3 years
  • An EOR can act as recognized sponsor if employer is abroad
Recommended for Digital Nomads
Special Program

Self-Employed Residence Permit

Points-based residence permit for entrepreneurs and freelancers. Evaluated on experience, business plan, and economic value. Minimum 90 points across 3 categories.

24 months
Duration
€998
$1.1K fee
+€4,000 additional

💰 Income Requirement

Minimum $1,734.57/per_month

Alternative: Bijstandsnorm: EUR 1,734.57/month with holiday allowance (singles, Jan-Jun 2026). Couples: EUR 2,477.95/month. Must demonstrate expected income from business.

Remote Work: Allowed

As a self-employed permit holder, you can work remotely for international clients from the Netherlands. You invoice from your Dutch business entity. Primary business must be based in NL.

Key Benefits

Freedom to run your own business
Work with Dutch and international clients
Path to permanent residence after 5 years
Can include spouse and children
Access to Dutch healthcare and social security
📋 Requirements (8)
  • Score min 90 points on Dutch points system (30 per category min)
  • Cat 1: Personal experience (education, work, entrepreneurship) — max 100, min 30
  • Cat 2: Business plan (product, pricing, financing) — max 100, min 30
  • Cat 3: Added value to NL (innovation, jobs, investment) — max 100, min 30
  • Alternative: 45+ in cats 1&2 with higher education exempts cat 3
  • Financial docs verified by authorized accountant
  • Expected income at least EUR 1,734.57/month
  • Valid passport
📝 Application Process
✓ Online Application90 days (extendable up to 6 months for RVO assessment)
  1. 1Develop comprehensive business plan meeting RVO criteria
  2. 2Prepare evidence of experience, education, and innovation
  3. 3If outside Netherlands: apply for MVV at Dutch embassy
  4. 4If in Netherlands: submit application directly to IND
  5. 5RVO (Netherlands Enterprise Agency) assesses using points system
  6. 6Wait for IND decision (up to 90 days)
  7. 7If approved: register business with Chamber of Commerce (KvK)
  8. 8Register at municipality and obtain BSN
  9. 9Collect residence permit
Apply Online
🔄 Extension & Renewal

Extension: 60 months (max x)

Cost: €423

Process: Apply for extension 3 months before expiry. Must continue to meet income and business requirements.

Renewal: After 5 years of continuous residence, eligible for permanent residence if business remains viable.

🛡️ Tax Implications

Dutch tax resident on worldwide income. Box 1: 35.75%-49.50% progressive. Self-employed deductions: zelfstandigenaftrek, startersaftrek (first 3 years), MKB-winstvrijstelling (12.7%). VAT registration required if revenue exceeds EUR 25,000/year.

💡 Pro Tips

  • Points system assessed by RVO (Netherlands Enterprise Agency) — not IND
  • Strong business plan with innovation or job creation scores highest
  • If American, the DAFT visa is usually a much easier pathway
  • Consider hiring an immigration lawyer — rejection rates are significant
  • Use the new IND eligibility checker tool (2026)
Recommended for Digital Nomads
Special Program

Dutch-American Friendship Treaty (DAFT)

Special residence permit for US citizens to start a business in the Netherlands. Low barrier: only EUR 4,500 capital deposit. Popular with freelancers and remote workers. Expedited processing in 2026.

24 months
Duration
€5,262
$5.7K fee
+€3,075 additional

💰 Income Requirement

Minimum $4,500/one_time

Alternative: EUR 4,500 is a capital deposit, not ongoing income. No monthly income requirement. Each co-founder must deposit EUR 4,500 separately.

Remote Work: Allowed

DAFT explicitly supports remote/freelance work. You run your own Dutch business and can invoice clients worldwide. Many holders are freelancers and consultants serving US and international clients.

Key Benefits

Low capital requirement (EUR 4,500)
No points system (unlike standard self-employed)
Work as freelancer for any clients worldwide
Partner gets work permit
Path to permanent residency after 5 years
May qualify for 30% ruling (EUR 48,013+/year)
Currently expedited processing (2-6 weeks)
📋 Requirements (8)
  • US citizenship (valid US passport)
  • EUR 4,500 minimum capital in Dutch business bank account
  • Registered Dutch business (eenmanszaak or BV)
  • Accountant opening balance sheet
  • Dutch residential lease or property proof
  • Apostilled birth certificate
  • Apostilled marriage/unmarried status certificate
  • No FBI background check required
📝 Application Process
✓ Online Application2-6 weeks (expedited procedure through 2026, may revert to 2-3 months)
  1. 1Register business with Dutch Chamber of Commerce (KvK)
  2. 2Open Dutch business bank account
  3. 3Deposit minimum EUR 4,500 investment
  4. 4Complete IND application form online
  5. 5Schedule appointment at IND desk
  6. 6Submit biometrics and documents at IND
  7. 7Pay application fee (EUR 405)
  8. 8Wait for decision (4-6 weeks under expedited processing)
  9. 9Register at municipality and obtain BSN
Apply Online
🔄 Extension & Renewal

Extension: 60 months (max x)

Cost: €423

Process: Apply for 5-year extension after initial 2 years if business investment maintained and business is active.

Renewal: After 5 years of continuous residence, eligible for permanent residence or Dutch citizenship through naturalization.

🛡️ Tax Implications

Dutch tax resident on worldwide income. Box 1: 35.75%-49.50% progressive. US-NL double taxation treaty prevents double taxation. May qualify for 30% ruling if earning EUR 48,013+/year. Self-employed deductions available. Must file both US and Dutch tax returns.

💡 Pro Tips

  • Much easier than standard self-employed permit — no points system
  • Continue working for US clients remotely while invoicing from Dutch company
  • Expedited procedure (2024-2026) makes processing much faster
  • Consider eenmanszaak for simplicity or BV for liability protection
  • Apply for 30% ruling within 4 months if earning EUR 48,013+/year
  • EUR 4,500 is working capital you can use — just needs to be deposited initially

Schengen Short-Stay Visa (Type C)

TouristPopular

Short-stay visa for nationals requiring a visa to enter Schengen Area. Up to 90 days within 180-day period for tourism, business, or family visits.

90d
Duration
€135
$146 fee
+€75 additional
📍Apply: Embassy
15 calendar days (up to 45 days in complex cases)
🔄Extendable +nulld
View full details
💰 Cost Breakdown
EURUSD
Required
Schengen visa fee (adults)Non-refundable
€90$98
Schengen visa fee (children 6-12)Free for under 6
€45$49
Additional (estimated)
VFS/TLS service feeVaries by country
€25$27
Travel insuranceMinimum EUR 30,000 coverage required
€50$54
Required Total
€135$146
+ Additional (estimated)
€75$81
Estimated Total
€210$228
💱1 USD = 0.92 EURUpdated Nov 28, 2025
💡 Costs may vary. Additional costs are estimates and may not all apply to your situation. Always verify current fees with official sources.

📋 Requirements

  • Valid passport (3 months beyond planned departure, 2 blank pages, issued within last 10 years)
  • Completed Schengen visa application form
  • Two recent passport photos (35x45mm, white background)
  • Travel medical insurance (minimum EUR 30,000 coverage)
  • Proof of accommodation
  • Proof of sufficient financial means (bank statements, pay slips)
  • Proof of employment or study status
  • Return flight booking
  • Cover letter explaining purpose of visit

📝 Application Steps

  1. 1Complete online application form at NetherlandsWorldwide.nl
  2. 2Book appointment at Dutch embassy/consulate or VFS Global center
  3. 3Gather all required documents with translations if needed
  4. 4Attend appointment for biometrics (photo, fingerprints) and document submission
  5. 5Pay visa fee (EUR 90 for adults)
  6. 6Wait for processing (15-45 days)
  7. 7Collect passport with visa sticker

⚠️ Restrictions

  • Cannot work in the Netherlands
  • Cannot study long-term
  • Maximum 90 days per 180-day period
  • Must apply at embassy/consulate of main destination country

⚠️ Remote Work: Grey Area

Same as visa-free entry — remote work for a foreign employer is a grey area. Not explicitly authorized, not actively enforced.

🛡️ Tax Implications

No Dutch tax obligations for short stays under 183 days, provided not employed by a Dutch entity.

💡 Tips

  • Apply at least 4-6 weeks before travel
  • If visiting multiple Schengen countries, apply at the embassy of the main destination
  • Multiple-entry visas increasingly granted for frequent travelers
  • VFS Global handles visa applications for the Netherlands in most countries

Orientation Year (Zoekjaar)

Special Program

12-month residence permit for highly educated non-EU graduates to search for work or start a business in the Netherlands. Unrestricted work rights including freelance.

12m
Duration
€254
$276 fee
+€450 additional
📍Apply: Online
2-4 weeks (legally up to 90 days)
🔄No extension
View full details
💰 Cost Breakdown
EURUSD
Required
IND application feeTurkish citizens EUR 85. Israel/San Marino: free
€254$276
Additional (estimated)
Diploma recognition (Nuffic)If needed for foreign degrees
€200$217
English test (IELTS/TOEFL)Required for foreign university graduates
€250$271
Required Total
€254$276
+ Additional (estimated)
€450$488
Estimated Total
€704$764
💱1 USD = 0.92 EURUpdated Nov 28, 2025
💡 Costs may vary. Additional costs are estimates and may not all apply to your situation. Always verify current fees with official sources.

📋 Requirements

  • Graduated from Dutch university (HBO/WO) within past 3 years, OR
  • Master/PhD from designated foreign top university within past 3 years, OR
  • Conducted scientific research in NL within past 3 years
  • English test IELTS 6.0+ for foreign graduates
  • Valid passport
  • Must apply within 3 years of graduation

📝 Application Steps

  1. 1Verify university is on approved list (top 200 in at least 2 of 3 rankings)
  2. 2Gather graduation certificate and transcripts
  3. 3Submit application via IND portal or at embassy
  4. 4Pay application fee (EUR 243)
  5. 5Wait for processing (up to 90 days)
  6. 6Register at municipality upon arrival
  7. 7Collect residence permit card

⚠️ Restrictions

  • Maximum 12 months — cannot be extended
  • Can only be used once
  • Must apply within 3 years of graduation
  • Must transition to another permit before expiry or leave NL

Remote Work: Allowed

Full work rights during orientation year, including freelance, self-employment, and remote work. No restrictions on employer type. Can register as ZZP (freelancer) or start a company.

🛡️ Tax Implications

Dutch tax resident. Income taxed at Box 1 rates: 35.75%-49.50% progressive. If transitioning to Kennismigrant, may become eligible for 30% ruling.

💡 Tips

  • Start job hunting immediately — 12 months goes fast
  • Reduced Kennismigrant threshold of EUR 3,122/month — great for salary negotiations
  • Can register as freelancer (ZZP) at KVK — no additional permit needed
  • Check if your university is on the Nuffic designated top institutions list

EU Blue Card

Work

EU-wide work permit for highly qualified professionals. Salary EUR 5,942/month (standard) or EUR 4,754 (reduced). Offers intra-EU mobility after 12 months. Max 5 years (updated June 2024).

48m
Duration
€423
$459 fee
+€300 additional
📍Apply: Online
30 days (recognized sponsor) to 90 days
🔄Extendable +48m
View full details
💰 Cost Breakdown
EURUSD
Required
IND application feePaid by employer/sponsor
€423$459
Additional (estimated)
Legalization/apostilleVaries by country
€100$109
Diploma recognitionMay be required for non-EU degrees
€200$217
Required Total
€423$459
+ Additional (estimated)
€300$326
Estimated Total
€723$784
💱1 USD = 0.92 EURUpdated Nov 28, 2025
💡 Costs may vary. Additional costs are estimates and may not all apply to your situation. Always verify current fees with official sources.

📋 Requirements

  • Higher education degree (3+ years) or 5 years equivalent professional experience
  • Employment contract of at least 12 months with Dutch employer
  • Gross salary min EUR 5,942/month (standard) or EUR 4,754 (reduced)
  • Work must match qualification level
  • Valid passport
  • No criminal record

📝 Application Steps

  1. 1Secure job offer with salary meeting threshold
  2. 2Have degree evaluated if from non-EU country
  3. 3Employer submits application via IND
  4. 4Pay application fee
  5. 5Wait for IND decision (up to 90 days)
  6. 6Collect MVV at embassy if required
  7. 7Travel to Netherlands and register
  8. 8Collect EU Blue Card

⚠️ Restrictions

  • Must have higher education degree or 5 years experience
  • Work must match qualification level
  • Cannot freelance or be self-employed
  • First 12 months: changing employer needs new Blue Card
  • Higher salary threshold than Kennismigrant for under-30s

🚫 Remote Work: Not Permitted

EU Blue Card requires employment with a Dutch-based employer. Remote work for a foreign employer without Dutch entity is not permitted.

🛡️ Tax Implications

Dutch tax resident. Box 1: 35.75%-49.50% progressive. Eligible for 30% ruling (30% salary tax-free, max 5 years, cap EUR 262,000). From 2027: reduced to 27%. Social security ~27.65% on first EUR 38,883.

💡 Tips

  • Better than Kennismigrant if you plan to move within the EU
  • Reduced threshold EUR 4,754 available 3 years after graduation
  • Since June 2024, max validity extended to 5 years
  • Employer does NOT need recognized IND sponsor — unlike Kennismigrant
  • Apply for 30% ruling within 4 months of starting work

📊 Quick Facts

CapitalAmsterdam
CurrencyEUR (€)
LanguageDutch
TimezoneUTC+1
Last UpdatedDec 1, 2025

🔗 Official Resources

Frequently Asked Questions

Does the Netherlands have a digital nomad visa?
No, the Netherlands does not have a dedicated digital nomad visa. However, remote workers have several options: (1) The Self-Employed Residence Permit for freelancers and entrepreneurs who can demonstrate their business benefits the Dutch economy (evaluated via a points system). (2) The Dutch-American Friendship Treaty (DAFT) for US citizens only, which requires only EUR 4,500 investment and has no points system. (3) Short-term visitors from visa-free countries can stay for 90 days within 180 days under Schengen rules, though working is technically not authorized during tourist stays.
How long can I stay in the Netherlands without a visa?
Citizens of 60+ visa-exempt countries can stay in the Netherlands and the entire Schengen Area for 90 days within any 180-day period. This is not 90 consecutive days per visit but 90 days total across all Schengen countries combined. The 180-day period is calculated on a rolling basis. EU/EEA/Swiss citizens can stay indefinitely without a visa and have the right to live and work freely. For stays beyond 90 days, non-EU citizens must apply for a residence permit before their visa-free period expires.
What is the DAFT visa and who can apply?
The Dutch-American Friendship Treaty (DAFT) is a bilateral agreement from 1956 that allows US citizens to obtain a residence permit for self-employment in the Netherlands with simplified requirements. Unlike the regular Self-Employed Permit, DAFT applicants are exempt from the points-based assessment. Requirements include: US citizenship, EUR 4,500 minimum investment in a Dutch business account, registration with the Chamber of Commerce (KvK), and a legitimate business purpose. The permit is valid for 2 years initially, extendable for 5 years. Family members can join and work freely.
What is the Highly Skilled Migrant (Kennismigrant) visa?
The Highly Skilled Migrant visa is a work permit for qualified professionals with a job offer from an IND-recognized Dutch employer. As of 2025, the minimum salary requirements are EUR 5,688/month for those 30 and older, EUR 4,171/month for under 30, and EUR 2,989 for recent graduates. Benefits include fast-track processing (2 weeks for recognized sponsors), 30% tax ruling eligibility (significant tax savings), free work rights for spouse, and a path to permanent residence after 5 years. The employer applies on your behalf and pays the EUR 354 fee.
What are the requirements for the Self-Employed Residence Permit?
The Self-Employed Residence Permit is evaluated using a points system with 300 total points across 3 categories: personal experience (education, work experience), business plan quality, and added value to the Dutch economy (innovation, job creation, investment). You need minimum 90 points total and at least 30 in each category. You must also register with the Chamber of Commerce, have sufficient income (approximately EUR 1,700/month), provide a comprehensive business plan, and have Dutch clients or contracts. Turkish nationals and long-term EU residents are exempt from the points system. Processing takes up to 90 days.
How much does it cost to live in the Netherlands as a digital nomad?
The Netherlands is one of Europe's more expensive countries. In Amsterdam, expect to spend EUR 2,500-4,000/month for a comfortable lifestyle. Major expenses include: Rent (one-bedroom city center: EUR 1,500-2,000/month), groceries (EUR 200-350/month), eating out (EUR 15-25 per meal), coworking (EUR 150-400/month), public transport (EUR 100/month), health insurance (EUR 90-130/month). Smaller cities like Rotterdam, Utrecht, The Hague, or Eindhoven are 20-30% cheaper than Amsterdam. Consider living outside city centers to save on rent significantly.
Can I open a bank account in the Netherlands as a foreigner?
Yes, but you typically need a BSN (Burgerservicenummer), which is issued when you register at the municipality. Major banks like ABN AMRO, ING, and Rabobank require BSN, valid passport, proof of Dutch address, and sometimes proof of income. Digital banks like Bunq and N26 have fewer requirements and may open accounts without BSN initially. Non-residents can open international accounts at some banks but with more documentation. Most bank websites and forms are in Dutch, though ABN AMRO and ING offer English services for expats.
What is the 30% tax ruling and who qualifies?
The 30% ruling is a Dutch tax benefit for highly skilled migrants recruited from abroad. It allows 30% of gross salary to be paid tax-free as a reimbursement for extraterritorial costs. To qualify, you must: be recruited from abroad (lived 150+ km from Dutch border for 16+ of 24 months before employment), have skills scarce in the Dutch labor market (demonstrated by salary threshold), and have an employer recognized by IND. From 2024, the ruling scales down: 30% for years 1-2, 20% for years 3-4, and 10% for years 5-7. Apply within 4 months of starting employment.
Do I need health insurance in the Netherlands?
For short tourist stays, health insurance is not legally required but strongly recommended (Schengen visa applicants need EUR 30,000 coverage). For residents with any type of residence permit, you are legally required to take out Dutch basic health insurance (basisverzekering) within 4 months of registration at the municipality. Basic insurance costs around EUR 90-130/month and covers essential care. Additional coverage (aanvullende verzekering) is optional. Digital nomads on tourist visas should have international health insurance like SafetyWing or Cigna Global.
What are the best cities in the Netherlands for digital nomads?
Amsterdam is the main hub with excellent coworking spaces (B.Amsterdam, Spaces, WeWork), fast internet (80-100 Mbps average), and a large expat community, but it is expensive and crowded. Rotterdam offers a more affordable, modern city with strong tech scene. The Hague has international organizations and a quieter vibe. Utrecht is centrally located, cheaper than Amsterdam, with a youthful atmosphere due to its university. Eindhoven is a tech hub with Philips and many startups. All Dutch cities have excellent public transport, cycling infrastructure, and widespread English proficiency.
⚠️

Important Disclaimer

Visa requirements can change frequently. This information is provided for general guidance only and should not be considered legal advice. Always verify current requirements with the official embassy or immigration authorities before making travel plans. Last updated: December 1, 2025